近日，国家信息安全漏洞库（CNNVD）收到关于Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool安全漏洞（CNNVD-202205-4277、CVE-2022-30190）情况的报送。成功利用此漏洞的攻击者，可在目标主机执行恶意代码。Windows 11、Windows 10 、Windows 8、Windows 7、Windows Server 2022、Windows Server 2016、Windows Server 2012、Windows Server 2008、Windows Server version 20H2、Windows Server 2022等多个系统版本均受此漏洞影响。目前，微软官方发布了临时修补措施缓解漏洞带来的危害，请用户及时确认是否受到漏洞影响，尽快采取修补措施。

一、漏洞介绍

Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool是美国微软公司Windows操作系统内的一个程序，用于排除故障并收集诊断数据以供技术人员分析和解决问题。该漏洞源于Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool中的URL协议存在逻辑问题，攻击者可诱使目标主机的应用（如word）通过Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool中的URL协议下载并打开特制的文件，进而在目标主机执行恶意代码。

二、危害影响

成功利用此漏洞的攻击者，可在目标主机执行恶意代码。以下操作系统版本受漏洞影响：

Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2012 R2

Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2012

Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1

Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2

Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2

Windows RT 8.1

Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems

Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems

Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1

Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1

Windows Server 2016  (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2016

Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems

Windows 10 for x64-based Systems

Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems

Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems

Windows 11 for ARM64-based Systems

Windows 11 for x64-based Systems

Windows Server, version 20H2 (Server Core Installation)

Windows 10 Version 20H2 for ARM64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 20H2 for 32-bit Systems

Windows 10 Version 20H2 for x64-based Systems

Windows Server 2022 Azure Edition Core Hotpatch

Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2022

Windows 10 Version 21H1 for 32-bit Systems

Windows 10 Version 21H1 for ARM64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 21H1 for x64-based Systems

Windows Server 2019  (Server Core installation)

Windows Server 2019

Windows 10 Version 1809 for ARM64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems

Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems

三、修复建议

目前，微软官方发布了临时修补措施缓解漏洞带来的危害，请用户及时确认是否受到漏洞影响，尽快采取修补措施。